Most vehicles built in the past decade carry an event data recorder that captures what’s happening in a car in the seconds before, during and after a crash, including the position of the brake and accelerator pedals, whether the driver was using a seat belt, and how fast the car was traveling. Privacy advocates have long argued for tougher rules for accessing such data, and about a dozen states have tougher standards. But most states have no such rules, and the data can often be easily accessed after a crash by insurers or investigators. There’s also no way to shut off data recording, which safety systems rely on to decide when to deploy an air bag or take other measures.